Pancreatitis, inflammation of the pancreas, is a very dangerous disease that significantly worsens the quality of life of people. And an important component of the correct treatment of this unpleasant disease is considered to be proper nutrition, which has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the body. What should be the diet for pancreatitis - read in our material.
Do not self-medicate! In our articles, we collect the latest scientific information and the opinions of influential experts in the field of health. But remember: only a doctor can diagnose and prescribe treatment. We want to help those who have pancreatic diseases (by the way, pancreatitis ranks third in "popularity" among office workers and former students), and therefore we have collected the main recommendations on diet for pancreatitis and cholecystitis in this article. We have also prepared sample menus and some useful recipes. Read it, it will be useful!
What is pancreatitis?
Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas, which is involved in the digestive process and regulates metabolism. This is a "2 in 1" organ, with a complex structure: the main part of the gland secretes enzymes necessary for the digestion of food in the intestines, and the "pancreatic islets" are endocrine organs that produce the hormone insulin. .
When the pancreas becomes inflamed, the release of enzymes into the duodenum stops. As a result, these aggressive substances are activated in the gland itself and begin to destroy it - this process is often called self-digestion. This releases toxins that travel through the bloodstream to other organs and can damage them. Pancreatitis can be acute or chronic.
Acute inflammation of the pancreas
Acute pancreatitis is a dangerous disease that usually requires urgent treatment in a hospital setting. Often this happens when a stone blocks the duct, due to alcohol abuse or gallstone disease. The disease is characterized by severe pain in the upper part of the abdomen, sometimes radiating to the back; nausea; Vomiting; deterioration of the general condition.
Chronic pancreatitis
With chronic inflammation of the pancreas, the organ is gradually destroyed. The main causes of the disease are alcohol consumption and smoking. The most typical manifestation is abdominal pain, which usually occurs after eating. Lack of digestive secretion from the pancreas causes poor digestion of food, bloating and bloating. Often there is no appetite, weight may decrease.
Symptoms of pancreatitis
The main symptom of both acute and chronic inflammation of the pancreas is pain in the upper abdomen. Often such pains are girdle. In the chronic form, heaviness in the stomach, nausea, stool disorders are often observed. Unpleasant sensations cause a suspected pancreatitis, and then the diagnosis is confirmed with the help of tests and other studies.
Why is a diet for pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) necessary?
Diet for pancreatitis in adults is designed to reduce the load on the affected organ so that it can recover. In acute pancreatitis, it is also important to reduce the synthesis of enzymes to stop the process of destruction of the gland.
Diet principles for pancreatitis
- Rejection of any food that causes the production of enzymes - smoked, spicy, pickled, fried.
- Food should be warm (not cold or hot), soft.
- Meals should be fractional, portions should be small.
- In the diet, the main focus is on protein products - up to 200 grams of them should be consumed per day. But fats and carbohydrates are significantly limited.
- The amount of salt is reduced to 3-5 grams, it is not salted while cooking.
- Raw foods are excluded. Fresh vegetables and fruits cannot be consumed, only boiled or cooked ones.
- Carbohydrates are consumed in moderation, but sugary foods should be limited.
What should be the diet for acute pancreatitis?
The diet for acute pancreatitis is as strict as possible: on the first day, the menu does not include food at all, only water. After a few days, you can eat small portions of liquid food - vegetable broth and puree, boiled porridge, slimy broths, liquid meat puree. Using allowed products, you can gradually expand the range of dishes.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis
The diet menu for chronic pancreatitis is more varied, but it is recommended to follow it for a long time, at least six months. It is believed that during this period, not only the condition of the pancreas will improve, but also the patient will distance himself from all kinds of harmful foods such as fried, smoked and pickled foods.
Traditionally, "Table No. 5p" diet is prescribed for chronic pancreatitis. Although the Diet Table system was developed in the 1920s and has now been abandoned, many doctors still recommend following the principles of such diets.
"Table No. 5" diet is prescribed for pancreatitis and cholecystitis, but a special version of this diet - "Table No. 5p" is recommended especially for the recovery of the pancreas. It differs not only in the reduced amount of fat in the diet, but also in the restriction of carbohydrates. You need to consume a lot of protein: proteins are necessary for the rapid regeneration of pancreatic tissue.
The diet for exacerbation of pancreatitis is stricter, it is formed in the description and similarity of the recommended diet for the acute form of the disease. Avoiding mashed meals, portioned meals, salt and spices will help to overcome the disease faster.
What can you eat if you have pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas).
So, it's time to figure out what you can eat in the diet for pancreatitis in order to recover quickly and avoid painful attacks. Please note that the list of allowed products varies depending on the stage of the disease. During an exacerbation, it is recommended to fast and eat a very limited amount of food, but more food is allowed during the period of remission. Low-fat cottage cheese occupies an important place in the diet of people suffering from pancreatitis.
- lean meat (beef, chicken, turkey, rabbit and even lean pork are suitable);
- lean fish (dura, pollock, flounder, cod);
- low-fat cottage cheese, low-fat and soft cheese;
- eggs in the form of a steamed omelet made of white (you can not eat more than one yolk per day);
- low-fat fermented milk products;
- milk - only low-fat, if tolerated;
- cereals (semolina, rice, oatmeal, buckwheat);
- stale bread, inedible crackers;
- pasta;
- boiled or baked vegetables (potatoes, beets, carrots, zucchini, pumpkin);
- boiled or baked sweet fruits (apples, bananas, pears);
- dry fruits;
- jelly, marmalade, honey, jelly - in small quantities.
The list of things you can eat on a diet for pancreatitis is not so short: if you want, you can easily do without violations for a long time, being satisfied with only allowed foods. It is worth considering that the recommendations were made 100 years ago, and many new products have appeared since then. If they contain a lot of protein and little fat, like boiled squid, they can be added to the menu with caution.
What not to eat in the diet for pancreatitis
Diet for pancreatitis involves strict restrictions on the menu, but the improvement of the condition can be expected only if they are strictly followed. The following foods cannot be included in diet menu number 5 for pancreatitis:
- legumes (the only exception is medium-sized, boiled or baked green beans);
- onion, garlic, radish, radish, pepper and other vegetables with a spicy taste;
- spinach, sorrel, fresh herbs;
- all kinds of cabbage;
- mushrooms;
- sour fruits;
- marinades and pickles;
- carbonated drinks, packaged juices (it is better not to drink fresh juices either);
- alcohol;
- coffee and cocoa;
- ready sauces, mayonnaise;
- fast food;
- fresh bread, baked goods;
- any confectionery;
- Ice cream;
- fatty meat and fish;
- sausages and delicacies;
- caviar;
- Canned food;
- smoked meat;
- meat, fish, mushroom broths.
With the exacerbation of pancreatitis of the pancreas, the diet becomes more strict, and even foods that can be safely included in the diet during remission can be included in the list of prohibited foods. Here you need to listen to your doctor's recommendations.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas): sample menu for a week
We present an approximate diet for chronic pancreatitis for a week. This is not a dogma, but just a guide for those who want to restore the pancreas with proper nutrition.
Monday
- Breakfast: a sandwich made of day-old bread with low-fat cheese, a bowl of porridge with water or diluted milk.
- Second breakfast: a portion of low-fat cottage cheese with dried fruits.
- Lunch: vegetable soup, steamed beef cutlet with mashed potatoes in water with a small piece of butter.
- Afternoon snack: baked apple.
- Dinner: boiled lean fish, steamed vegetables are allowed.
Tuesday
- Breakfast: oatmeal with water
- Second breakfast: baked sweet applesauce
- Lunch: vegetable cream soup, steamed chicken breast; berry jelly.
- Afternoon snack: low-fat yogurt.
- Dinner: steam omelette with vegetables.
Wednesday
- Breakfast: cottage cheese stew with dried fruits
- Second breakfast: banana
- Lunch: rice and vegetable soup; steamed rabbit meatballs, compote.
- Afternoon snack: apple jelly, biscuit.
- Dinner: steamed fish, vegetable puree.
Thursday
- Breakfast: rice porridge, soft boiled egg.
- Second breakfast: yogurt, baked apple.
- Lunch: soup with pasta; fish meatballs with vegetable puree.
- Afternoon snack: low-fat cheese sandwich.
- Dinner: lazy cottage cheese dumplings, a little sour cream.
Friday
- Breakfast: cottage cheese with a spoonful of honey or jam.
- Second breakfast: steamed egg white omelette.
- Lunch: mashed potato soup, stewed beef with steamed vegetables, jelly.
- Afternoon snack: dried fruit compote.
- Dinner: lean fish quenelles, rice.
Saturday
- Breakfast: semolina porridge, soft boiled egg
- Second breakfast: yogurt.
- Lunch: fish soup with rice, boiled rabbit with potatoes, compote.
- Afternoon snack: cottage cheese stew.
- Dinner: cheese sandwich, steamed protein omelet.
Sunday
- Breakfast: buckwheat porridge.
- Second breakfast: baked apple.
- Lunch: pumpkin cream soup, steamed beef cutlets, pasta.
- Afternoon snack: jelly, cookies.
- Dinner: cottage cheese, boiled vegetables.
Diet for pancreas: recipes
Despite the limited range of products, the diet for pancreatitis can be quite diverse. We offer some ideas for inspiration.
Ingredients:
- Rice in bags;
- potato;
- root;
- Pumpkin;
- Salt.
Preparation: prepare the rice water - cook the rice in a pot with plenty of water, then remove the bags. Grate the carrot, chop the rest of the vegetables, put everything in a pan with rice water, add the rice there, cook until the vegetables are ready. Add salt, mix, turn off. If necessary, grind everything in a blender.
Fish quenelles
- Lean fish fillet;
- white crackers;
- Milk;
- Egg white;
- Salt.
Preparation: grind fish in a meat grinder, soak crackers in milk, also pass through a meat grinder, mix with minced fish. Beat the egg whites until foamy, add to the minced meat, add salt and mix. Form round quenelles from the resulting minced meat. Then boil or steam them.
Pumpkin puree soup with oatmeal
Ingredients:
- Pumpkin;
- potato;
- Hercules;
- cream;
- A little oil for cooking.
Preparation: chop the pumpkin and potatoes, add a little oil in a deep bowl so they don't burn. Add salt, add rolled oats, add water, stir, let simmer until rolled oats are ready. Put the contents of the pan through a blender, return to the pan, add the cream and let it simmer for a few more minutes. Can be served with bread crumbs.
According to reviews, it is not very easy to follow a diet for pancreatitis, at least at the stage of pureed food, but with its help you can achieve a really stable remission. Patients report that they feel better on such a diet.
Results of dietary treatment of chronic pancreatitis
In the case of chronic pancreatitis, the diet is not prescribed for a week or a month, but for at least six months. In order not to cause exacerbation, it is more often recommended to limit yourself to foods that are harmful to life.
Together with other methods of treatment, a diet for the pancreas has a beneficial effect on the organ and contributes to its rapid recovery. If there are no exacerbations, you can more boldly expand your diet for pancreatitis, including all new products.
In some cases, thanks to timely treatment and diet, the pancreas is completely restored, and then after the end of therapy, you can return to your usual eating habits. Still, even after full recovery, it is better to give up unhealthy habits and choose PP containers.
It is impossible to count the number of different diets. Some of them are prescribed for therapeutic purposes, and some are aimed at reducing body weight. Human food, like any other organism, affects its health, because the composition of food and its saturation with necessary vitamins and trace elements determine the possibility of having a normal physiology. Any restrictions, whether in terms of content or quantity, inevitably affect our body. Each disease has its own mechanism of development, and therefore nutrition should be different.
Diet for pancreatitis is aimed at reducing inflammation in the pancreas. The sooner you start tracking, the better results you can expect. Fasting may be used during the acute phase, but usually does not last more than two to three days. After that, foods with maximum fat restrictions are introduced very smoothly. Lean meat and skinless poultry (beef, lean beef, chicken, rabbit, turkey, etc. ) are suitable. For garnish, you can use buckwheat, barley, mashed potatoes, cooked vegetables. Fried, spicy, salty foods, baked goods, refractory fats (lamb, pork, goose, duck, fatty beef, poultry skin, margarine, mayonnaise) can contribute to a new exacerbation.
The use of additional enzyme therapy will improve the condition. The preparation of minimicrospheres and microtablets is more effective. The usual dose is about 25, 000 units. The diet described above has the right to exist, but if its use is justified and followed only for a short time. Stabilization of the condition with pancreatitis is an indicator of a planned and gradual expansion of the diet.